使用Xamarin开发移动应用示例——数独游戏（三）添加回退和计时功能

项目代码可以从Github下载：https://github.com/zhenl/ZL.Shudu 。代码随项目进度更新。

我们已经创建了可以运行数独游戏的基本界面，现在为游戏增加一些功能，首先是计时功能，数独作为一种智力游戏，完成时间是重要的指标。还有就是回退功能，在很多情况下，游戏过程中需要试错，如果进入死局，需要能够回到上几步，再试一个新的路径，如果没有这个功能，只能重新开始，降低游戏的吸引力。

计时功能的实现比较简单，只要在开始和完成时记录时间，计算出时间差并显示就可以了。回退功能可以使用堆栈完成，将每一操作步骤放入堆栈，从堆栈中弹出一条记录，就是回退的一步。

首先增加两个变量，记录开始时间和回退过程：

        private DateTime dtBegin;        private Stack<string> steps = new Stack<string>();

然后，在开始游戏的时候，记录开始时间，并将堆栈清零：

            steps.Clear();            dtBegin = DateTime.Now;            this.lbFinish.IsVisible = false;            this.lbTime.IsVisible = false;            this.lbMessage.IsVisible = false;

在输入数字后，记录下输入的位置和值，存入堆栈：

            if (!checkval(x, y, num))            {                return;            }            steps.Push(x + "," + y + "," + num);            currentButton.Text = currentNumBtn.Text;

增加响应回退的事件：

        private void btn_Reset_Clicked(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            if (steps.Count > 0)            {                var laststep = steps.Pop();                               var arr = laststep.Split(",".ToCharArray(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);                int x = int.Parse(arr[0]), y = int.Parse(arr[1]), num = int.Parse(arr[2]);                buttons[x, y].Text = "";            }        }

在完成的时候，显示耗时时间：

            if (IsFinish())            {                lbFinish.IsVisible = true;                lbTime.IsVisible = true;                rowResult.Height = 40;                var diff = (DateTime.Now.Ticks - dtBegin.Ticks) / 10000 / 1000 / 60;                lbTime.Text = diff + "分钟";            }

还需要增加新游戏的功能，目前只有一个游戏，再多增加一些，现在只简单实现这个功能，将一些游戏保存在数组中，开始游戏时随机抽取一个。代码如下：

        private static int[,,] chesses =  {           {            {5,3,0,0,7,0,0,0,0},            {6,0,0,1,9,5,0,0,0},            {0,9,8,0,0,0,0,6,0},            {8,0,0,0,6,0,0,0,3},            {4,0,0,8,0,3,0,0,1},            {7,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,6},            {0,6,0,0,0,0,2,8,0},            {0,0,0,4,1,9,0,0,5},            {0,0,0,0,8,0,0,7,9}            },            {            {3,0,2,4,0,7,9,0,1},            {0,0,7,1,3,8,5,0,0},            {6,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,4},            {0,0,0,0,4,0,0,0,0},            {0,9,4,0,0,0,1,5,0},            {0,0,0,0,9,0,0,0,0},            {4,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5},            {0,0,8,9,1,5,6,0,0},            {5,0,9,6,0,4,7,0,2}        },{            {0,8,0,9,0,7,0,1,0},            {9,0,0,3,8,6,0,0,5},            {0,0,2,0,4,0,6,0,0},            {5,9,0,0,0,0,0,2,6},            {0,2,3,0,0,0,7,9,0},            {7,4,0,0,0,0,0,5,1},            {0,0,9,0,7,0,5,0,0},            {4,0,0,8,5,9,0,0,2},            {0,5,0,4,0,2,0,3,0}        },{            {4,0,8,0,0,0,0,0,5},            {0,0,9,0,0,4,0,7,0},            {3,1,0,2,0,0,8,0,0},            {0,0,5,7,0,0,0,8,0},            {0,0,0,0,9,0,0,0,0},            {0,2,0,0,0,3,5,0,0},            {0,0,2,0,0,9,0,1,4},            {0,3,0,6,0,0,9,0,0},            {1,0,0,0,0,0,7,0,6}        },{            {0,3,5,0,0,7,0,6,0},            {8,0,6,0,1,0,0,0,7},            {0,0,0,0,9,6,0,1,5},            {4,0,1,8,0,3,0,0,0},            {0,2,3,0,0,0,6,4,0},            {0,0,0,6,0,2,3,0,1},            {3,8,0,7,2,0,0,0,0},            {6,0,0,0,3,0,7,0,9},            {0,7,0,9,0,0,4,8,0}        },{            {0,0,0,7,0,4,0,0,0},            {0,0,0,8,0,5,0,0,0},            {5,8,0,0,0,0,0,4,7},            {7,6,0,0,0,0,0,3,9},            {9,2,0,6,1,3,0,7,8},            {8,5,0,0,0,0,0,2,1},            {1,7,0,0,0,0,0,9,3},            {0,0,0,3,0,6,0,0,0},            {0,0,0,1,0,7,0,0,0}        },{            {0,7,0,0,9,0,2,0,0},            {0,0,0,0,0,7,0,0,5},            {2,0,4,3,5,0,7,0,0},            {0,5,0,0,4,0,9,0,0},            {9,0,3,5,0,1,4,0,8},            {0,0,7,0,6,0,0,1,0},            {0,0,8,0,1,9,3,0,2},            {7,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0},            {0,0,2,0,3,0,0,9,0}        },{            {3,0,2,4,0,7,9,0,1},            {0,0,7,1,3,8,5,0,0},            {6,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,4},            {0,0,0,0,4,0,0,0,0},            {0,9,4,0,0,0,1,5,0},            {0,0,0,0,9,0,0,0,0},            {4,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,5},            {0,0,8,9,1,5,6,0,0},            {5,0,9,6,0,4,7,0,2}        }        };

修改生成新游戏的函数：

        private void SetNewGame()        {            int k;            var lst = chesses;            var leng = lst.GetLength(0);            if (ra == null)            {                ra = new Random();            }            k = ra.Next(0, leng);                       var mychess = new int[9, 9];            for (var i = 0; i < 9; i++)                for (var j = 0; j < 9; j++)                {                    mychess[i, j] = chesses[k, i, j];                }            SetGame(mychess);        }

好了，到这里游戏基本上已经初步完成了，项目代码可以从Github下载：https://github.com/zhenl/ZL.Shudu 。代码随项目进度更新。
现在可以在手机上启动一个新的游戏试试了，当你玩了一会儿，忽然有个电话进来，接完电话，再回到游戏，What?原来的进度都丢了！下一步我们需要在本地保存当前的进度。