java使用poi生成excel

使用poi生成excel通常包含一下几个步骤

• 创建一个工作簿
• 创建一个sheet
• 创建一个Row对象
• 创建一个cell对象(1个row+1个cell构成一个单元格)
• 设置单元格内容
• 设置单元格样式. 字体 字体大小 是否加粗
• 保存
• 关闭流对象

生成一个工作簿

2010以上格式使用XSSFWorkBook对象, 2003格式使用HSSFWorkBook对象, 其他对象操作基本一样.

生成2003格式

public void test1() {    HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();        CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();    cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);    cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);    cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);    cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);        Font font = workbook.createFont();    font.setFontName("宋体");     font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);    cellStyle.setFont(font);       HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("Sheet1");    //设置单元格宽度    sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 30 * 256);    sheet.setColumnWidth(1, 30 * 256);    sheet.setColumnWidth(2, 30 * 256);        Row row0 = sheet.createRow(0);    Cell cell0 = row0.createCell(0);    cell0.setCellValue("序号");    cell0.setCellStyle(cellStyle);        Cell cell1 = row0.createCell(1);    cell1.setCellValue("姓名");        Cell cell2 = row0.createCell(2);    cell2.setCellValue("成绩");        OutputStream os = null;    try {        os = new FileOutputStream("d:\\测试生成2003.xls");        workbook.write(os);        os.close();    } catch (Exception e) {        e.printStackTrace();    }}

生成2010以上格式

@Testpublic void test2() {    XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();        CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();    cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);    cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);    cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);    cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);        Font font = workbook.createFont();    font.setFontName("宋体");    font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);    cellStyle.setFont(font);            XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("Sheet1");    Row row0 = sheet.createRow(0);    Cell cell0 = row0.createCell(0);    cell0.setCellValue("序号");    cell0.setCellStyle(cellStyle);        Cell cell1 = row0.createCell(1);    cell1.setCellValue("姓名");        Cell cell2 = row0.createCell(2);    cell2.setCellValue("成绩");        OutputStream os = null;    try {        os = new FileOutputStream("d:\\测试生成2010.xlsx");        workbook.write(os);        os.close();    } catch (Exception e) {        e.printStackTrace();    }}

合并单元格

合并单元格在生成excel中算常见的一个场景, 通常先合并单元, 单元格内容居中,并设置单元格边框.
poi合并单元格使用CellRangeAddress类, 构造函数包括4个参数firstRow, lastRow, firstCol, lastCol根据自己需要传入行和列.

public CellRangeAddress(int firstRow, int lastRow, int firstCol, int lastCol) {        }

合并单元格后设置边框poi已提供了RegionUtil静态类, 可直接使用.

CellRangeAddress region = new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, 2);sheet.addMergedRegion(region);RegionUtil.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet);RegionUtil.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet);RegionUtil.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet);RegionUtil.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN, region, sheet);

设置单元格样式

左右居中 上下居中 自动换行

cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);cellStyle.setWrapText(true);

使用SpringMVC/SpringBoot导出excel

@Controller@GetMapping("/excel2003")public void excel2003(HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse){    try {        //2010格式设置        //response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");        //2003格式设置        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");        httpServletResponse.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName=" + URLEncoder.encode("学生成绩单.xls", "utf-8"));        ServletOutputStream outputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();        CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();        cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);        cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);        cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);        cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);        Font font = workbook.createFont();        font.setFontName("宋体");        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);        cellStyle.setFont(font);        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("Sheet1");        Row row0 = sheet.createRow(0);        Cell cell0 = row0.createCell(0);        cell0.setCellValue("序号");        cell0.setCellStyle(cellStyle);        Cell cell1 = row0.createCell(1);        cell1.setCellValue("姓名");        Cell cell2 = row0.createCell(2);        cell2.setCellValue("成绩");        workbook.write(outputStream);    } catch (Exception e) {        e.printStackTrace();    }}

总结

如果你在web项目中导出excel后,打开excel文件时提示文件已损坏,但是文件还可以打开, 则需要在HttpServletResponse上设置响应头, 2003和2010设置方式不同
2003
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
2010
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");

下载文件名如果包含中文的话需要编码
httpServletResponse.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName=" + URLEncoder.encode("学生成绩单.xls", "utf-8"));
这种设置在浏览器里下载文件中文是没问题的, 只是如果你使用Swagger或者Postman测试的话,文件名还是经过编码的, 这个没问题说明文件下载已经没问题.